ERICA'S NOTEBOOK
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​Main Divisions of Vascular Plants

Main Divisions of Vascular Plants

Erica's Original Notes

           Without cambium:
  1. Lycopodiophyta (formerly Lycophyta) – club mosses and lycopodium of carboniferous age with distinct gametophyte stage.
  2. Pteridophyta – ferns, horsetails and whisk ferns. Ferns have not declined and even adapted to desert conditions, but prefer a moist habitat; 'trunk" is made of old leaf bases in tree ferns. Horsetails had tree forms in the past.  Formerly Psilophyta. Whisk ferns are thought to be the most primitive vascular plants with no leaves, roots or cambium; they may be a link between lower and higher plants.

    With cambium:
  3. Cycadophyta – cycads e.g. Cycad revoluta (sago) from Permian age, found in Florida, Australia, Andes and Mexico. In decline.
  4. Ginkgophyta – Ginkgo biloba is only living member of this division, dioecious.
  5. Pinophyta ( formerly Coniferophyta) – conifers.
  6. Gnetophyta -  70 species across the three genera: Gnetum, Welwitschia, and Ephedra.
  7. Magnoliophyta (formerly Anthophyta) – flower-bear­ing, occupying a short time in the calendar of ages, consisting of monocotyledonous plants, with pith and cortex of random vascular bundle arrangement, and of dicotyledonous plants with vascular bundles in radial symmetrical order.

NOTES Updated 2013 (RP):
Plant classification, although you would expect it to be something that was 'settled' a long time ago, is actually still a dynamic field particularly as we gain better understanding of plant relationships with each other through DNA (genetic) mapping. The current names of the different ranks is ruled on by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Most changes are occurring in the way flowering plants (Division Magnoliophyta above) are described.

As such some updates and corrections have been made to Erica’s original notes. In these notes she is listing Divisions of the plant kingdom. A Division is a major group of the plant hierarchical classification:

Plant Kingdom

↑

Division

↑

Class

↑

Order

↑

Family

↑

Genus

↑

Species

It is also important to note that Erica is only listing Vascular Plants – plants that have a system for the transport of fluids. As such, the Division Bryophyta – mosses and liverworts, which do not have a vascular system – is absent from the list.


Banner Image by Maike und Björn Bröskamp from Pixabay ​

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  • Home
  • Updates
    • What's New
    • Curator Updates
    • Garden Stories >
      • Garden Story Index
    • Self-Guided Tours
    • Walks & Talks >
      • Walks and Talks 2023
      • Walks and Talks 2022
      • Walks -Talks 2021 & Zoom Tips
    • PDFs of Updates, Tours, & Talks >
      • Self-guided Tours (PDF)
      • Gardener Walks (PDF)
  • Plant IDs
    • ID By Flower Color >
      • Red Flowers
      • Pink Flowers
      • Orange Flowers
      • Yellow Flowers
      • Green Flowers
      • Blue Flowers
      • Purple Flowers
      • White Flowers
    • ID By Type >
      • Annuals
      • Berries-Fruits-Nuts
      • Bulbs, Corms, Rhizomes, Tubers >
        • Bulbs
        • Corms
        • Rhizomes
        • Tubers
      • Ferns
      • Grasses
      • Medicinal Plants
      • Native Plants
      • Perennials >
        • Peonies
        • Salvias
      • Rhododendrons >
        • Rhodendron Erica Notes
      • Shrubs >
        • Calycanthus
        • Hydrangeas >
          • Hydrangea Background
        • Peonies >
          • Peonies-Overview
        • Rhododendrons
        • Roses >
          • Rose Background
      • Trees >
        • Conifers >
          • Cypress
          • Firs
          • Pines
        • Deciduous Trees >
          • Dogwoods
          • Ginkgos
          • Magnolias
          • Witch Hazels
        • Native Trees
        • Tree of the Month
  • In the Garden
    • Map and Collection Lists
    • Art in the Garden >
      • Symposium & Exhibitions
    • Building and Grounds >
      • Bridges
      • Formal Rose Garden Hardscape and Art
      • Grotto Area & Black Garden
      • Korean Pavilion
      • Maze
    • Gardener Assignments
    • Collections >
      • Ash Collection
      • Camellia Collection
      • Rhododendron Walk
    • Gardens >
      • Gardens A-D >
        • Alma VanDusen Garden
        • Backyard Bird Garden
        • Bentall Garden
        • Black Garden
        • Canadian Heritage Garden >
          • Bees
          • Canadian Heritage Orchard
        • Cascadia Garden
        • Cherry Grove
        • Chilean Garden
      • Gardens E-H >
        • Eastern North America Garden
        • Fern Dell
        • Formal Rose Garden
        • Fragrance Garden
        • Heather Garden
        • Herb Garden
        • Heritage Rose Garden
      • Gardens I-P >
        • Laburnum Walk
        • Livingstone Lake
        • Meconopsis Dell
        • Meditation Garden
        • Mediterranean Garden
        • Ornamental Grasses
        • Perennial Garden
      • Gardens R-Z >
        • Rhododendron Walk
        • Sino-Himayalan Region
        • South African Garden
        • Southern Hemisphere
        • Stone Garden
        • Vegetable Garden
        • Woodland Garden
    • Garden History >
      • History photos
  • Science
    • Animals & Insects >
      • Birds
      • Butterflies and Moths
      • Insect Friends
      • Small Creatures
    • Buds
    • Colour and Vision
    • Dynamic Symmetry - Fibonacci Spirals
    • Flowers
    • Fruit
    • Germination
    • Habitats and Environments
    • Hormones
    • Leaves
    • Life on Earth
    • Light, Energy, and Rainbows
    • Plant Calendars
    • Pollination
    • Pollen
    • Roots
    • Scents
    • Seeds
    • Soil
    • Stems
    • Vascular Plants
    • Web of Interdependence
    • Weeds
  • Bloedel
  • Search
  • About
    • ERICA, ERICA'S TREE (and a short history of Guiding) - June 14, 2018
  • Contact